Turkey

There are about 249 Verbascum species (and 22 hybrids) in Turkey based on recent sources: *

  1. abieticola Bornm
  2. adenocarpum Hub.-Mor ………………………..(Endemic)
  3. adenocaulon Boiss. & Balansa…………………(Endemic)
  4. adenophorum Boiss……………………………… (Endemic)
  5. adrianopolitanum Podp……………………….. (Endemic)
  6. afyonense Hub.-Mor……………………………… (Endemic)
  7. agastachyum Hub.-Mor…………………………. (Endemic)
  8. agrimoniifolium (K.Koch) Hub.-Mor. subsp. agrimoniifolium. .. (Endemic)
  9. alepense Benth.
  10. alpigenum K.Koch
  11. alyssifolium Boiss. …………………………………(Endemic)
  12. amanum Boiss. ……………………………………. (Endemic)
  13. anastasii Nábelek…………………………………. (Endemic)
  14. ancyritanum Bornm. ………….. ……………….(Endemic)
  15. andrusii Post
  16. antinori Boiss. & Heldr.
  17. antiochium Boiss. & Heldr.
  18. antitauricum Hub.-Mor. …………………………. (Endemic)
  19. apiculatum Hub.-Mor. var. tigridaeum Hub.-Mor. ………….. (Endemic)
  20. armenum Boiss. & Kotschy ex Boiss. var. armenum. ………. (Endemic)
    var. occidentale Hub.-Mor………. (Endemic)
  21. armenum Boiss. & Kotschy ex Boiss. var. tempskyanum (Freyn & Sint.) Murb.,(Endemic)
  22. artvinense E.Wulf … (Endemic)
  23. aschersonii Boiss. & Sint. ex Murb.
  24. asperuloides Hub.-Mor. …. (Endemic)
  25. ballsianum Murb. ………….. (Endemic)
  26. banaticum Schrad.
  27. barbeyi Post ………….. (Endemic)
  28. basivelatum Hub.-Mor. ….. (Endemic)
  29. bellum Hub.-Mor. ………….. (Endemic)
  30. biledschikianum Bornm. …… (Endemic)
  31. birandianum Hub.-Mor. …….. (Endemic)
  32. biscutellifolium Benth. ……… (Endemic)
  33. bithynicum Boiss. ………….. (Endemic)
  34. blattaria L.
  35. bombyciferum Boiss. ………….. (Endemic)
  36. bornmuellerianum Hub.-Mor.
  37. bourgeauanum Hub.-Mor. ….. (Endemic)
  38. bracteosum Freyn & Sint. ……. (Endemic)
  39. bugulifolium Lam.
  40. caesareum Boiss.
  41. calvum Boiss. & Kotschy ………….. (Endemic)
  42. calycosum Hausskn. ex Murb. …. (Endemic)
  43. campestre Boiss. & Heldr. ……….. (Endemic)
  44. cappadocicum Bornm. ………….. (Endemic)
  45. cariense Hub.-Mor. ………………… (Endemic)
  46. caudatum Freyn & Bornm. ……… (Endemic)
  47. cedreti Boiss.
  48. cerinum Boiss. & Heldr. ………….. (Endemic)
  49. charputense Murb. var. adenophorum  Hub.-Mor. var. charputense. ………(Endemic)
  50. chazaliei Boiss. ………….. (Endemic)
  51. cheiranthifolium Boiss. var. asperulum (Boiss.) Murb.
     var. cataonicum (Hand.-Mazz.) Murb.
                                                 var. cheiranthifolium.
    var. helderichii Boiss. ………….. (Endemic)
                                                 var. obtusiusculum Hub.-Mor. ………….. (Endemic)
                                                 var. pisidicum (Boiss. & Heldr.) Murb. … (Endemic)
                                                 var. transcaspicum Murb.
  52. chionophyllum Hub.-Mor. ………….. (Endemic)
  53. chlorostegium Bornm. & Murb. ….. (Endemic)
  54. chrysochaete Stapf ………….. (Endemic)
  55. chrysorrhacos Boiss. ……….. (Endemic)
  56. cilicicum Boiss. ………….. (Endemic)
  57. cilicium (Boiss. & Heldr.) Kuntze …………. (Endemic)
  58. cicekdagensis Karavel. & Vural ………….. (Endemic)
  59. coronopifolium (Boiss. & Balansa) Kuntze ….. (Endemic)
  60. cucullatibracteum Hub.-Mor. …… (Endemic)
  61. cymigerum Hub.-Mor. ………….. (Endemic)
  62. dalamanicum Hub.-Mor. ………. (Endemic)
  63. davisianum Hub.-Mor. ………….. (Endemic)
  64. decursivum Hub.-Mor. ………….. (Endemic)
  65. degenii Halacsy. ……………………. (Endemic)
  66. demirizianum Hub.-Mor. ……… (Endemic)
  67. densiflorum Bertol.
  68. detersile Boiss. & Heldr. ……….. (Endemic)
  69. discolor Murb. ………….. (Endemic)
  70. diversifolium Hochst. .. (Endemic)
  71. drymophilum Hub.-Mor. ……….. (Endemic)
  72. dumulosum P.H.Davis & Hub.-Mor. … (Endemic)
  73. elegantulum Hub.-Mor. ……… (Endemic)
  74. eleonorae Hub.-Mor. ………….. (Endemic)
  75. ergin-hamzaoglui Karavel. ….. (Endemic)
  76. eriocarpum (Freyn & Sint.) Bornm. ……. (Endemic)
  77. eriorrhabdon Boiss. ………….. (Endemic)
  78. eskisehirensis Karavel. ……… (Endemic)
  79. euphraticum Benth. ………….. (Endemic)
  80. exuberans Hub.-Mor. ………… (Endemic)
  81. flavidum (Boiss.) Freyn & Bornm.
  82. flavipannosum Hub.-Mor. …. (Endemic)
  83. freynii (Sint.) Murb. …………. (Endemic)
  84. froedinii Murb.
  85. galilaeum Boiss.
  86. geminiflorum Hochst.
  87. georgicum Benth.
  88. germaniciae Hausskn. ex Boiss. … (Endemic)
  89. globiferum Hub.-Mor. ………….. (Endemic)
  90. globiflorum Boiss. & Noë ……… (Endemic)
  91. glomeratum Boiss.
  92. glomerulosum Hub.-Mor. …….. (Endemic)
  93. gnaphalodes M.Bieb.
  94. gossypinum M.Bieb.
  95. gracilescens Hub.-Mor. …………. (Endemic)
  96. gypsicola Vural & Aydoğdu ……. (Endemic)
  97. hadschinense Freyn ……………… (Endemic)
  98. hajastanicum Bordz.
  99. hasbenlii Aytaç & H.Duman …… (Endemic)
  100. helianthemoides Hub.-Mor. ….. (Endemic)
  101. heterobarbatum Hub.-Mor. …… (Endemic)
  102. heterodontum Hub.-Mor. ………. (Endemic)
  103. humile Janka
  104. iconium Hub.-Mor. ………….. (Endemic)
  105. inaequale Freyn & Sint. …… (Endemic)
  106. infidelium Boiss. & Hausskn. ….. (Endemic)
  107. insulare Boiss. & Heldr. ………….. (Endemic)
  108. inulifolium Hub.-Mor. …………….. (Endemic)
  109. isauricum Boiss. & Heldr., ………. (Endemic)
  110. josgadense Murb. ………………….. (Endemic)
  111. kastamunicum Murb. ………….. (Endemic)
  112. kotschyi Boiss. & Hohen.
  113. krauseanum Murb. ……………… (Endemic)
  114. kurdicum Hub.-Mor.
  115. lachnopus Hub.-Mor. …………… (Endemic)
  116. laetum Boiss. & Hausskn. ex Boiss.
  117. lagurus Fisch. & C.A.Mey.
  118. lasianthum Boiss. ex Benth.
  119. latisepalum Hub.-Mor. ………….. (Endemic)
  120. laxum Fil. & Jav.
  121. leianthoides Murb. ……………….. (Endemic)
  122. leianthum Benth., Prodr. ………. (Endemic)
  123. leiocarpum Murb. …………………. (Endemic).
  124. leiocladum Murb.
  125. leptocladum Boiss. & Heldr. ….. (Endemic)
  126. leuconeurum Boiss. & Heldr. … (Endemic)
  127. levanticum I.K.Ferguson
  128. linearilobum (Boiss.) Hub.-Mor. ….(Endemic)
  129. linguifolium Hub.-Mor. ……………… (Endemic)
  130. lobatum Hub.-Mor. …………………… (Endemic)
  131. longipedicellatum Hub.-Mor. …… (Endemic)
  132. luciliae (Boiss.) Kuntze ………………. (Endemic)
  133. luridiflorum Hub.-Mor. …………….. (Endemic)
  134. lydium Boiss.
  135. lydium var. heterandrum Murb.
     var. lydium. ………….. (Endemic)
  136. lyratifolium Koch ex Benth. …….. (Endemic)
  137. lysiosepalum Hub.-Mor. ………….. (Endemic)
  138. macrocarpum Boiss.
  139. macrosepalum Boiss. & Kotschy ex Murb. … (Endemic)
  140. macrurum Ten.
  141. maeandri Bornm. ………….. (Endemic)
  142. meinckeanum Murb. …….. (Endemic)
  143. melitenense Hub.-Mor. ….. (Endemic)
  144. microsepalum Hub.-Mor. . (Endemic)
  145. mucronatum Lam.
  146. murbeckianum Hub.-Mor. .. (Endemic)
  147. mykales Bornm.
  148. myrianthum Boiss. ………….. (Endemic)
  149. myriocarpum Boiss. & Heldr. .. (Endemic)
  150. napifolium Boiss. …………………. (Endemic)
  151. natolicum (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Hub.-Mor.
  152. nudatum Murb. var. nudatum. … (Endemic)
     var. spathulatum Hub.-Mor. ……. (Endemic)
  153. nudicaule (Wydler) Takht.
  154. nudiusculum Hub.-Mor. ………….. (Endemic)
  155. obtusifolium Hub.-Mor. ………….. (Endemic)
  156. olympicum Boiss. …………………… (Endemic)
  157. oocarpum Murb. …………………….. (Endemic)
  158. orbicularifolium Hub.-Mor. ……. (Endemic)
  159. oreodoxum Hub.-Mor. ……………. (Endemic)
  160. oreophilum K.Koch var. joannis (Bordz.) Hub.-Mor.
     var. oreophilum.
  161. orgyale Boiss. & Heldr. ………….. (Endemic)
  162. orientale (L.) All. subsp. brachysepalum (Fisch. & Trautv.) Karavel. & Aytaç ..(Endemic)
                                   subsp. orientale.
  163. ovalifolium
  164. ovalifolium Donn ex Simas subsp. ovalifolium.
                                                      subsp. thracicum (Velen.) Murb.
  165. ozturkii Karavel. ………………… (Endemic)
  166. pallidiflorum Hub.-Mor. …….. (Endemic)
  167. parviflorum Lam. ………………. (Endemic)
  168. pellitum Hub.-Mor. ……………. (Endemic)
  169. pestalozzae Boiss. ……………… (Endemic)
  170. petiolare Boiss. & Kotschy ….. (Endemic)
  171. phlomoides L.
  172. phoeniceum L.
  173. phrygium Bornm. ……. (Endemic)
  174. pinardii Boiss. ………….. (Endemic)
  175. pinetorum (Boiss. ) O.Kuntze. …. (Endemic)
  176. pinnatifidum Vahl
  177. ponticum (Boiss.) Kuntze
  178. postianum Murb. ………….. (Endemic)
  179. propontideum Murb.
  180. protractum Fenzl ex Boiss. ………. (Endemic)
  181. prusianum Boiss. ………….. (Endemic)
  182. pseudoholotrichum Hub.-Mor. ….. (Endemic)
  183. pseudovarians Hub.-Mor. ………….. (Endemic)
  184. pterocalycinum Hub.-Mor.
  185. pterocalycinum var. mutense Hub.-Mor. ….. (Endemic)
                var. pterocalycinum …….. (Endemic)
  186. pterocladum Hub.-Mor. ………….. (Endemic)
  187. pulverulentum Vill.
  188. pumiliforme Hub.-Mor. …………… (Endemic)
  189. pumilum Boiss. & Heldr. ………….. (Endemic)
  190. purpureum (Janka) Hub.- Mor.
  191. pycnostachyum Boiss. & Heldr.
  192. pyramidatum M.Bieb.
  193. pyroliforme (Boiss. & Heldr.) Kuntze subsp. dudleyanum (Hub.-Mor.,) Karavel. & Aytaç … (Endemic)
    subsp. pyroliforme ………….. (Endemic)
  194. racemiferum Boiss. & Hausskkn. ex Boiss.
  195. reeseanum Hub.-Mor. ………….. (Endemic)
  196. renzii Hub.-Mor………….. (Endemic)
  197. roripifolium (Halácsy) I.K.Ferguson
  198. rubricaule Boiss. & Heldr. ……. (Endemic)
  199. rupicola (Hayek & Siehe) Hub.-Mor. …… (Endemic)
  200. saccatum K.Koch
  201. salviifolium Boiss. ………….. (Endemic)
  202. samniticum Ten.
  203. scamandrii Murb. ………….. (Endemic)
  204. scaposum Boiss. ……………. (Endemic)
  205. serpenticola Hub.-Mor. …. (Endemic)
  206. serratifolium (Hub.-Mor.) Hub.-Mor. ….. (Endemic)
  207. simavicum Hub.-Mor. …….. (Endemic)
  208. sinuatum subsp. gaillardotii (Boiss.) Bornm.
    subsp. sinuatum var. adenosepalum Murb.
                          subsp. sinuatum var. sinuatum.
  209. smyrnaeum Boiss. ………….. (Endemic)
  210. songaricum Schrenk ex Fisch. subsp. Songaricum
     subsp. subdecurrens Hub.-Mor.
  211. sorgerae (Hub.-Mor.) Hub.-Mor. ………….. (Endemic)
  212. speciosum Schrad.
  213. spectabile M.Bieb. var. isandrum Hub.-Mor. …. (Endemic)
                                        var. spectabile
  214. sphenandroides K.Koch …….. (Endemic)
  215. splendidum Boiss.
  216. spodiotrichum (Hub.-Mor.) Hub.-Mor. ……. (Endemic)
  217. stachydifolium Boiss. & Heldr. var. adspersum (Freyn & Sint.) Murb. …….. (Endemic)
                                                            var. stachydifolium …….. (Endemic)
  218. stenocarpum Boiss. & Heldr.
  219. stenostachyum Hub.-Mor. …… (Endemic)
  220. stepporum Hub.-Mor. ………….. (Endemic)
  221. subnivale Boiss. & Hausskn. …. (Endemic)
  222. subserratum Hub.-Mor. ……….. (Endemic)
  223. suworowianum (K.Koch) Kuntze. var. papillosum (Murb.) Hub.-Mor.
                                                                var. suworowianum.
  224. symes Murb. & Rech.f.
  225. szovitsianum Boiss. var. adenothyrsum Murb.
                                          var. szovitsianum Biodicon
  226. tauri Boiss. & Kotschy ………….. (Endemic)
  227. tenue Murb. ………….. (Endemic)
  228. thapsus L.
  229. tossiense Freyn & Sint. . ………….. (Endemic)
  230. transcaucasicum E.Wulf
  231. transolympicum Hub.-Mor. . ………….. (Endemic)
  232. trapifolium (Stapf) Hub.-Mor. var. flabellifolium (Hub.-Mor.) Karavel. & Aytaç ……… (Endemic)
    var. trapifolium ………….. (Endemic)
  233. trichostylum Hub.-Mor.
  234. tripolitanum Boiss.
  235. tuna-ekimii Karavel., A.Duran & Hamzaoğlu ………….. (Endemic)
  236. turcicum Bani, Adıgüzel & Karavel. ………….. (Endemic)
  237. urceolatum Hub.-Mor. ………….. (Endemic)
  238. urobracteum Hub.-Mor. ………….. (Endemic)
  239. uschakense (Murb.) Hub.-Mor. ………….. (Endemic)
  240. vacillans Murb.
  241. vanense Hub.-Mor. ………….. (Endemic)
  242. varians Freyn & Sint. var. flexuosum (Wulf) Murb.
    var. leptosepalum Murb.
                                             var. stepporum Hub.-Mor. ……. (Endemic)
                                             var. trapezunticum Murb. …….. (Endemic)
                                             var. varians
  243. vulcanicum Boiss. & Heldr. var. viridans Hub.-Mor. …. (Endemic)
    var. vulcanicum…. (Endemic)
  244. wiedemannianum Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ………….. (Endemic)
  245. xanthophoeniceum Griseb.
  246. yurtkuranianum Kaynak, Daşkın & Yılmaz …… (Endemic)
  247. kurdistanicum Fırat………………………………………. (Endemic)
  248. misirdalianum Karavel & Çeçen…………………….. (Endemic)
  249. Verbascum kurdistanicum Fırat   —Firat, M., 2015. doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.52.5188
  250. Verbascum gimgimense Fırat   ––Firat, M., 2017. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.291.3.5
  251. Verbascum golawanense Fırat   —Firat, M., 2017. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.305.1.3

 

Hybrids:

  1. × simonianum Hub.-Mor.
  2. × sinuatifolium Hub.-Mor.
  3. × sinuato-blattaria Godr. & Gren.
  4. × sivasicum Hub.-Mor.
  5. × speciosiforme Hub.-Mor.
  6. × splendidoides Hub.-Mor.
  7. × subantinori Hub.-Mor.
  8. × subcaudatum Hub.-Mor.
  9. × subcheiranthifolium Hub.-Mor.
  10. × subcymosum Hub.-Mor.
  11. × suberiocarpum Hub.-Mor.
  12. × sublasianthum Hub.-Mor.
  13. × submesopotamicum Hub.-Mor.
  14. × sultanense Bornm. ex Murb.
  15. × tamderense Hub.-Mor.
  16. × tekirovense Hub.-Mor.
  17. × terdschanense Hub.-Mor.
  18. × tschamlibelense Hub.-Mor.
  19. × tschilemelekdagense Hub.-Mor.
  20. × tschivrilense Hub.-Mor.
  21. × tundscheliense Hub.-Mor.
  22. × zlataroffii Davidov

*Thanks to Dr. Mehmet Fırat  (Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Education, Department of Biology, TR-65080 Van, Turkey.)